If you’re younger than 35 and have been trying to get pregnant for less than a year (or less than six months if you’re 35 or older), then most likely you have no reason to be concerned yet as long as your menstrual cycle is regular. However if you’re younger than 35 and have had frequent unprotected sex for more than a year (or at least six months if you’re over 35) without conceiving, then you have to be concerned. Your doctor can diagnose fertility problems so make an appointment to see your doctor.
Factors that are linked to fertility problems
For women
If you have a history of the following :
- endometriosis
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- uterine fibroids
- pelvic inflammatory disease
- sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia or gonorrhea
- blocked fallopian tubes from an infection, ectopic pregnancy or previous surgery
- pelvic or abdominal surgery
- chronic illnesses such as thyroid diseases, diabetes or cancer
If you are currently :
- 35 years or older
- smokes cigarette
- have 2 or more alcoholic drinks per day
- are significantly overweight or underweight
- drink more than 300 mg of caffeine per day . This is about two 8-ounces cups of coffee
You should also let your doctor know if you experience the folowing
- pelvic pain
- irregular , heavy, prolonged or painful period
- scalp hair loss
- severe acne
- excessive facial or body hair
For men
If you have a history of :
- testicular injury, cysts, or cancer
- a hernia in the groin
- undescended testicles as a baby or child
- varicocele veins around the testicles
- genetic issues, such as chromosomal abnormalities or deletions on the Y chromosome
- chronic illnesses such as diabetes, cancer or thyroid disease
- sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia or gonorrhea
- Infection with the mumps virus after puberty
- Inflammation, infection, or prior surgery affecting sperm transport
- A hormonal or endocrine disorder, such as hypothyroidism
If you are currently
- Smoke tobacco, marijuana or take illegal drugs
- Take certain medications used treat arthritis, high blood pressure, depression, cancer, infection, or a digestive disorder
- Use a hot tub or sauna frequently
- Have 3 or more alcoholic drinks per day
- Take anabolic steroids or testosterone replacement therapy
- Go on frequent long distance bicycle rides
If you have any concerns, contact your health care provider .
Content Sources
Risk factors for infertility. Cleveland. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/risk-factors-for-infertility. Accessed September 25th, 2017
Infertility risk facts for men and women. University of Rochester Medical Center. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=85&ContentID=P01533. Accessed September 25th, 2017