What is Hib disease ?

 

It is the short-term for Haemophilus influenzae type b. Hib disease is caused by the bacteria , Haemophilus influenzae type b. This bacteria can cause epiglottitis , a serious form of pneumonia and bacterial meningitis. It can also cause serious joint and skin infections .

 

How is the bacteria transmitted ?

 

This disease is spread through saliva or mucus. You can get  the bacteria when an infected individual coughs or sneezes around someone who has not been fully vaccinated against Hib.

 

Who is at risk ?

 

Babies and children younger than 5 years are at the highest risk.

 

Are there any symptoms associated with Hib disease ?

 

Symptoms vary depending on the area of the body affected and usually occur within 2 to 4 days of getting infected.

 

The most common type of Hib disease is bacterial meningitis and symptoms associated with that includes

 
• headache
• confusion
• fever
• stiff neck
• pain from bright light

 
Babies may exhibit poor feeding and drinking, vomiting and low alertness

 

Other symptoms include

 
• pneumonia — cough and difficulty breathing
• cellulitis — red and tender skin
• epiglottitis — drooling, sore throat and breathing difficulty.
• arthritis — redness and swelling in one or more joints

 

What treatment options exist for Hib disease ?

 

It is treated with antibiotics such as ampicillin or chloramphenicol to get rid of the bacteria. Be sure to take the full dosage of the antibiotics even if you start to feel better.

 

How can I protect myself from this infections ?

 

The best way to prevent Hib disease is to have all the Hib vaccine series. It is given in 3 or 4 doses at these recommended ages :

 
• 2 months
• 4 months
• 6 months and 4 months)
• between 12 and 15 months

 
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